PROJECT - Crude Oil /Farcardo / LPFO Refinery Process Plant

Vaporizing the crude oil 

The first step in separating oil into useful products involves heating it to 350° Celsius. It is then pumped into a fractioning tower.

If you have ever seen an oil refinery from a distance, these tall, slender towers jut up above the horizon. The vaporized oil rises up the tower through trays with holes in them. As the gas cools, its components condense back into several distinct liquids. Lighter liquids like kerosene and naphtha, a product used in chemicals processing, collect near the top of the tower, while heavier ones like lubricants and waxes fall through weirs to trays at the bottom.

After distillation, gasoline and other engine fuels go on for further processing elsewhere in the refinery. They will leave the refinery by pipeline or truck, having been transformed from a raw material into fuels with marketable octane ratings and specific engine properties.

Demand for gasoline is high, so we use the flexibility of the hydrocarbon compound to turn some of the heavier components from the fractioning tower into gasoline. Reforming and alkylation are two such processes. Cracking is another. It breaks large hydrocarbon molecules down into smaller ones, making the product have a lower viscosity. It is a process developed by BP heritage company Amoco, and its standard practice for oil companies today.

  However, many steps precede this. You have to find by burrowing mineral oil, and bring it to the surface by drilling. This research and the exploitation of ("upstream"). The oil processing ("downstream") consists of several steps: the oil is shipped by pipeline to the refinery, where different fuels and other products are distributed among the fuels filling stations, where the supply takes place. Of course, the "oil pump" to "tank station" each step is required. However, the most complex element of the chain oil refinery, where the oil (paraffin, aromatic and naphthenic distillate) hydrocarbons will be held in groups. The development of oil refineries can be very different from the simple physical separating the complicated chemical transformations.

The so-called "deep conversions" are becoming more and more common to refineries, as the demand for easy, clean products (e.g. petrol, diesel) and reduce the heavy, high sulphur-containing products (e.g. heating oil) under his wing.

This type of additional refineries (residual) converter units (e.g., coke, hydrocracking) can be found. The refinery is a stream (oil) enter and many product streams (fuels, heating oil, lubricants, bitumen, coke etc.) exit. A refinery, an enormous amount of, millions of tons of processed oil annually and highly simplified operation of the figure below. (Omitted for reasons of clarity the fundamental units, such as electricity, water, steam, waste water treatment or extraction of the sulphur). 

The CICG Refining Group will operate a refining plants facility capable of separating these different products. The planned CICG refineries facilities will also include an assay laboratory with storage tank capacities using ASTM International, is the Institute, internationally recognized, that approves all Standards, Tests and Procedures used in the Oil Industry and to be referred in the Agreement to the latest revised edition with amendments in force to date. It will operate as a crude oil feeder facility with refinery Partner Refiners.